Introduction of Peptide Array at Bio-Synthesis

Peptide array is an important component in a wide product from Bio-synthesis which is uniquely integrated to suit the proteomics services of the company. Bio-Synthesis offers custom peptide array synthesis and peptide array synthesis services to assist and help out client in their discovery tryst of new drugs and clinical innovations. Peptide array is one of the most powerful tools in the hands of researchers for the investigation of protein-to-protein and drug-to- protein interactions. In drug development screening of peptides for the most probable active compound with peptide array is a lot of convenient methods used in basic and applied research across the globe. Here are some basic applications and principals of peptide microarrays. 

A range of varied peptide array based services is available with Bio-synthesis, like epitope mapping, substitution analysis, and others. Before going further we shall try to understand that for peptide-based drug design it is possible to screen a huge number of peptides on a small chip only with the use of peptide microarrays. It is nearly impossible without peptide array. However, because of miniscule volume of peptide is synthesized directly on the chips, and due to the interaction of the peptides with the chip happens, this approach is not easy and often unreliable to trust the result. The disadvantages can be overcome with the use of peptide macro-arrays on cellulose membranes. The macro-arrays on cellulose membrane are useful in both conditions- solid phase and liquid phase screenings. The cellulose membranes are spongy, hydrophilic, flexible and quite stable in organic as well as aqueous solutions (solvents).

The properties of cellulose membrane helping in macro-array make it more useful for biochemical and biological studies in aqueous as well as in organic media. It is also a major reason as to why cellulose is still most widely used substance or material for macro-array membranes. Hundreds of papers about this application, this sole application, using this similar method have been published. The densities of arrays often range up to 8000 peptides.

Scientists and researchers are working extra-time to find out different methods too. A new development has appeared where soluble cellulose membranes are used. Peptide synthesize macro-array on those membranes can be dissolved and peptide-cellulose can conjugate and transferred in large numbers of copies on micro-array glass slides with a three-dimensional structure with great accessibility of cellulose-bound peptides.

It is seen that the cellulose paper is usually made functional with amino components like amino acids and amine. This function is often or usually carried out either via ester or ether bonds. Here, the ether bond is stable under common investigative conditions, whereas ester bonds are labile and can lose some bonds during probing. This is the main reason as to why ester-type is more beneficial and advantageous for generating peptides cleaved from the membrane in order to use them in solution assays.
Peptide synthesis is thus carried out chemically, starting from C-terminal amino acids. The monitoring of the coupling procedure takes place by staining the spots with bromophenol blue after selected coupling cycles. When a very large number of various peptide sequences are synthesized on a macro-array then the coupling rates and amount, as well as the purity of the peptides begin to vary.

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